Strategic Communication for Local Public Health Services in Portugal: A Delphi Study.

INTRODUCTION: Strategic communication plays a decisive role in public health planning and project implementation. However, Portuguese Local Public Health Units, which are responsible for community interventions, still lack guidance models, tools, specialized resources, and training in health communication. The aim of this study was to develop a conceptual model of strategic organizational communication for local public health services, in Portugal. METHODS: This study presents a conceptual model of strategic organizational communication for Local Public Health Units, which was developed through a three-round, modified Delphi online panel. Thirty-seven Portuguese specialists in public health, communication, and community members were invited to analyse a proposed framework, based on an up-to-date literature review. High retention rates were observed in all rounds (first = 22 valid participations; second = 21 valid participations; third = 18 valid participations). RESULTS: Most participants believed that Portuguese Public Health Units were not prepared to communicate effectively and that they would benefit from adequate planning and identification of a communication lead or team. Websites and social media were also identified as essential for effective communication. The validated conceptual model integrated different partners in health and in the community, with emphasis on the relationships with the national network of health authorities, other Public Health Units, primary health care units, municipalities, and schools. The preferred channels identified for communicating with these partners included interpersonal relationships, email, and mobile phone. No consensus was obtained for preferred communication channels between Local Public Health Units and the media. CONCLUSION: Strategic planning based on the proposed conceptual model involving different stakeholders, has potential to improve the effectiveness of internal and external communication and facilitate the implementation of public health programs and projects. The proposed model needs to be validated in Local Public Health Units, considering the potential human, material, and financial constraints.

Improving strategic planning for nature: Panacea or pandora's box for the built and natural environment?

This paper assesses how strategic planning for nature can be improved for England's built and natural environment using mainstreaming and landscape-scale concepts. Whilst both concepts feature in academic literature, there has been limited attention on their role as catalytic agents for strategic planning. Addressing this gap, evidence is used from two stakeholder workshops involving 62 senior policy experts managing a range of operational and hypothetical strategic spatial planning challenges. The results reveal a significantly weakened strategic planning arena characterised by policy disintegration, short termism and uncertainty. Key findings highlight the fallacy of pursuing strategic planning for nature in isolation from wider policy integration fusing environmental, economic and social components from the outset. Current barriers to progress include institutional inertia, technocratic vocabularies and neoliberalist priorities exacerbated by a weak underlying theory. Conversely opportunities for mainstreaming processes may help knowledge generation and exchange within transdisciplinary partnerships, whilst landscape scale thinking can improve understanding of issues using natures inherent geometry transforming processes and outcomes. The paper recommends the adoption of strategic planning pathways using mainstreaming and landscape-scale approaches working in tandem. Whilst focused on the English context, our findings are transferable to other planning systems in the Global North, especially those championing neoliberal market led policies.

Contingency and paradoxes in management practices-development plan as a case.

PURPOSE: As part of a national plan to govern professional and organizational development in Norwegian specialist healthcare, the country's hospital clinics are tasked with constructing development plans. Using the development plan as a case, the paper analyzes how managers navigate and legitimize the planning process among central actors and deals with the contingency of decisions in such strategy work. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: This study applies a qualitative research design using a case study method. The material consists of public documents, observations and single interviews, covering the process of constructing a development plan at the clinical level. FINDINGS: The findings suggest that the development plan was shaped through a multilevel translation process consisting of different contending rationalities. At the clinical level, the management had difficulties in legitimizing the process. The underlying tension between top-down and bottom-up steering challenged involvement and made it difficult to manage the contingency of decisions. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The findings are relevant to public sector managers working on strategy documents and policymakers identifying challenges that might hinder the fulfillment of political intentions. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This paper draws on a case from Norway; however, the findings are of general interest. The study contributes to the academic discussion on how to consider both the health authorities' perspective and the organizational perspective to understand the manager's role in handling the contingency of decisions and managing paradoxes in the decision-making process.

Liberating Structures in Strategic Planning: Methods to Foster Engagement.

This paper describes the innovative approach of using liberating structures to the development of the AUR 2023 strategic plan, and lessons learned in their application. The 2023 strategic plan built on the results and approach of the prior 2015 plan. Similar to the 2015 strategic plan, traditional tools such as a SWOT analysis and strategic retreat were used. In addition, the 2023 process included tools called liberating structures and was iteratively co-produced through a series of virtual meetings over 18 months. Advantages of liberating structures included increased creativity and speed in moving through meeting tasks, increased number of meaningful contributions from AUR members and increased engagement from participants during discussions and meetings. The 2023 AUR strategic plan is provided along with examples of completed goals and those under early implementation. Lessons learned from using these tools for strategic planning can be applied to other society and group meetings. Moving forward, the 2023 strategic plan will be a living document, which will be reviewed at each Board of Directors meeting and periodically adapted.

Feasibility of using vertical farming in northern Iran: A multiple necessity.

Agricultural production in vertical farms (VF) will play a prominent role in preventing environmental crises, its good governance and maintaining food security for everyone in the world. The ecological footprint in Guilan province significantly exceeds its biological capacity, indicating considerable pressure on its natural resources and ecosystems. This problem, which is mostly due to the use of traditional production methods in the agricultural sector, requires a change in lifestyle and production methods. The purpose of the current research is the feasibility of VF in Guilan province with the help of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) model and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). After identifying internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats) affecting production in VF, the necessary strategies were determined and then prioritized using the QSPM matrix. Necessary information through written scientific sources and survey studies based on key questions between two groups of professors of geography and rural planning, water resources engineering, soil, architecture and experts from the plant production department and the head of the environment department, Jihad Agricultural Organization of Guilan province and the organization Food hygiene was achieved. The statistical population participating in the survey was 30 people. The results of the research showed that 7 strategies were formulated based on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats and were prioritized based on the importance of four strategies in the QSPM table. The first priority for ensuring food security in Guilan province is to focus on increasing agricultural productivity per unit area. This strategy is crucial considering the challenges of low ownership and limited land availability in the region. Thus, enhancing productivity per unit area should be given utmost priority to meet the food demands of the population. The appropriate strategy for VF production in Guilan province is a competitive-aggressive strategy and being in this position requires attracting the necessary funds. This study fills research gaps by providing a comprehensive assessment of the feasibility of vertical farming in Guilan province. The emphasis on methodology, strategic planning, and addressing food security and environmental challenges contributes to the existing body of knowledge. By highlighting the transferability and adaptability of the research findings, other researchers can utilize the methods and adapt the strategies to their own regions, promoting further research and advancement in the field of sustainable agriculture.

Donor coordination to support universal health coverage in Malawi.

Development assistance is a major source of financing for health in least developed countries. However, persistent aid fragmentation has led to inefficiencies and health inequities and constrained progress towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Malawi is a case study for this global challenge, with 55% of total health expenditure funded by donors and fragmentation across 166 financing sources and 265 implementing partners. This often leads to poor coordination and misalignment between government priorities and donor projects. To address these challenges, the Malawi Ministry of Health (MoH) has developed and implemented an architecture of aid coordination tools and processes. Using a case study approach, we documented the iterative development, implementation and institutionalization of these tools, which was led by the MoH with technical assistance from the Clinton Health Access Initiative. We reviewed the grey literature, including relevant policy documents, planning tools and databases of government/partner funding commitments, and drew upon the authors' experiences in designing, implementing and scaling up these tools. Overall, the iterative use and revision of these tools by the Government of Malawi across the national and subnational levels, including integration with the government's public financial management system, was critical to successful uptake. The tools are used to inform government and partner resource allocation decisions, assess financing and gaps for national and district plans and inform donor grant applications. As Malawi has launched the Health Sector Strategic Plan 2023-2030, these tools are being adapted for the 'One Plan, One Budget and One Report' approach. However, while the tools are an incremental mechanism to strengthen aid alignment, success has been constrained by the larger context of power imbalances and misaligned incentives between the donor community and the Government of Malawi. Reform of the aid architecture is therefore critical to ensure that these tools achieve maximum impact in Malawi's journey towards UHC.

Regulatory Framework, Challenges, and Initial Strategic Planning for Advanced Therapy Products (PTAs) Development in Brazil.

Advanced Therapies are a class of innovative complex biological products used for therapeutic purposes, encompassing cell therapy, tissue engineering, and gene therapy products. These are promising therapeutic strategies for several complex diseases with low or non-existent therapeutic alternatives. The proper transposition of basic research in this area into medicinal products must comply with regulatory requirements. Here we review the main regulatory recommendations, emphasizing on the Brazilian regulation. The critical points are the manufacturing process, challenges in characterizing the product, development of non-clinical trials, lack of adequate animal models representative of the clinical situation, and absence of valid and measurable therapeutic endpoints. Based on that, we propose a framework for strategic planning of pre-clinical studies in this field. The detailed example involves producing a nonviral vector-based gene editing product, but the regulations and methods may be extrapolated for developing different types of advanced therapies.

Inclusion of Health Equity Initiatives in Hospitals' Strategic Plans.

Objective: This study examined the health equity initiatives included in US hospitals' strategic plans. Methods: Using data from the American Hospital Association (AHA) 2021 Annual Survey, the study described the types of health equity initiatives that US hospitals included in their strategic plans. The analysis focused on the following seven initiatives: (1) equitable and inclusive organizational policies; (2) systematic and shared accountability for health equity; (3) diverse representation in hospital and health care system leadership; (4) diverse representation in hospital and health care system governance; (5) community engagement; (6) collection and use of segmented data to drive action; and (7) culturally appropriate patient care. Logit and zero-truncated Poisson regression analysis was used to examine organizational and community-level characteristics of hospitals with the most comprehensive health equity strategic plans. Results: Of the 4359 general medical and surgical hospitals that completed the AHA's 2021 survey, 45.1% provided complete information on their health equity strategies. The comprehensiveness of hospitals' health equity efforts varied across organizations. Regression analysis showed that larger hospitals, nonprofit hospitals, and hospitals affiliated with health systems tended to have more comprehensive health equity initiatives as did hospitals located in urban areas, hospitals in communities with higher household incomes, and hospitals in communities with greater proportions of Hispanic residents. Conclusions: While improving health and health equity is a key aspect of many hospitals' missions, the extent to which hospitals include health equity initiatives into their strategic plans varied noticeably. Committing to a comprehensive set of efforts aimed at improving health equity requires human and financial resources as well as dedicated leadership.

AI-Enabled Medical Education: Threads of Change, Promising Futures, and Risky Realities Across Four Potential Future Worlds.

BACKGROUND: The rapid trajectory of artificial intelligence (AI) development and advancement is quickly outpacing society's ability to determine its future role. As AI continues to transform various aspects of our lives, one critical question arises for medical education: what will be the nature of education, teaching, and learning in a future world where the acquisition, retention, and application of knowledge in the traditional sense are fundamentally altered by AI? OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this perspective is to plan for the intersection of health care and medical education in the future. METHODS: We used GPT-4 and scenario-based strategic planning techniques to craft 4 hypothetical future worlds influenced by AI's integration into health care and medical education. This method, used by organizations such as Shell and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, assesses readiness for alternative futures and effectively manages uncertainty, risk, and opportunity. The detailed scenarios provide insights into potential environments the medical profession may face and lay the foundation for hypothesis generation and idea-building regarding responsible AI implementation. RESULTS: The following 4 worlds were created using OpenAI's GPT model: AI Harmony, AI conflict, The world of Ecological Balance, and Existential Risk. Risks include disinformation and misinformation, loss of privacy, widening inequity, erosion of human autonomy, and ethical dilemmas. Benefits involve improved efficiency, personalized interventions, enhanced collaboration, early detection, and accelerated research. CONCLUSIONS: To ensure responsible AI use, the authors suggest focusing on 3 key areas: developing a robust ethical framework, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and investing in education and training. A strong ethical framework emphasizes patient safety, privacy, and autonomy while promoting equity and inclusivity. Interdisciplinary collaboration encourages cooperation among various experts in developing and implementing AI technologies, ensuring that they address the complex needs and challenges in health care and medical education. Investing in education and training prepares professionals and trainees with necessary skills and knowledge to effectively use and critically evaluate AI technologies. The integration of AI in health care and medical education presents a critical juncture between transformative advancements and significant risks. By working together to address both immediate and long-term risks and consequences, we can ensure that AI integration leads to a more equitable, sustainable, and prosperous future for both health care and medical education. As we engage with AI technologies, our collective actions will ultimately determine the state of the future of health care and medical education to harness AI's power while ensuring the safety and well-being of humanity.

Percepción de dirigentes deportivos locales y funcionarios municipales sobre políticas públicas deportivas locales de la comuna de Linares

La aplicación de las políticas públicas deportivas locales (PPDL) de la comuna de Linares se han visualizado gracias a la aplicación del Plan de Desarrollo Comunal de Actividad Física y Deportes (PDC AFyD) en el período 2018 - 2022 en la comunidad y las organizaciones deportivas locales (OODD), así como de funcionarios del propio municipio. Para conocer la percepción sobre la aplicación de PPDL se aplica una entrevista semiestructurada y confeccionada para tales efectos, a 28 dirigentes deportivos y 18 funcionarios municipales, de un universo muestral total de 127 posibles. Los individuos indican que, pese a ver cambios favorables en el período desconocen el proceso y, por ende, el mecanismo aplicado para el cambio, lo que despotencia la comprensión de la PPDL y el desarrollo de ésta por medio de las propias OODD y el municipio. La aplicación de las PPDL por medio de sus distintas herramientas e instrumentos requiere que se desarrolle bajo un proceso de consulta, pertinencia y complementación entre municipio, OODD, mundo educativo y vecinos beneficiarios; todo dentro de un marco de comunicación e información concreta y permanente que logre involucrar a todos los actores, brindando con ello una cuota de responsabilidad en su ejecución, control y evaluación.

The application of local public policies on sports (LPSP) of the commune of Linares has been visualized thanks to the application of the Communal Development Plan for Physical Activity and Sports (CDP PA&S) in the period 2018 - 2022 in the community and local sports organizations (LSO), as well as officials of the municipality itself. To know the perception of the implementation of LPSP, a semi-structured interview was applied to 28 sports leaders and 18 municipal officials out of a total sample universe of 127 possible. The individuals indicate that, despite seeing favorable changes in the period, they are unaware of the process and, therefore, the mechanism applied for change, which undermines the understanding of the LPSP and its development through the LSOO and the municipality. The application of the LPSP through its different tools and instruments requires that it be developed under a process of consultation, relevance, and complementarity between the municipality, LSOO, the educational world and beneficiary neighbors; all under a framework of communication and concrete and permanent information that manages to involve all the actors, thus providing a share of responsibility in its execution, control, and evaluation.

A implementação das políticas esportivas públicas locais (PEPL) na comuna de Linares foi visualizada graças à implementação do Plano de Desenvolvimento Comunitário para Atividade Física e Esporte (PDC AFyE) no período 2018 - 2022 na comunidade e organizações esportivas locais (OOEE), bem como funcionários do próprio município. Foi realizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada com 28 líderes esportivos e 18 funcionários municipais de um universo de amostra total de 127. Os indivíduos indicam que, apesar de verem mudanças favoráveis no período, não conhecem o processo e, portanto, o mecanismo aplicado para a mudança, o que prejudica a compreensão do PEPL e seu desenvolvimento através do OOEE e do próprio município. A implementação do PEPL através de suas diferentes ferramentas e instrumentos requer um processo de consulta, relevância e complementaridade entre o município, o OOEE, o mundo educacional e os vizinhos beneficiários; tudo isso dentro de uma estrutura de comunicação e informação concreta e permanente que envolva todos os atores, proporcionando assim uma parcela de responsabilidade em sua implementação, controle e avaliação.

Strategic concept paper for Bioeconomy in Slovenia: from a patchwork of good practices to an integrated, sustainable and robust bioeconomy system.

While Slovenia has significant bioeconomy potential, it remains underutilized, facing challenges in primary bioeconomy sectors, their integration along value chains, uptake of industrial innovation, and institutional coordination. This paper aims to support the unlocking of Slovenia's bioeconomy potential, and foster sustainable and integrated development of its value chains. It provides the evidence base of the composition, volumes and current utilization of the available biomass streams from agriculture, forestry and aquatic systems. It discusses the potential uses of these resources and highlights the need for improved logistics and scalability. Additionally, the structure and performance of bioeconomy-related industries in Slovenia are examined, emphasizing the importance of firm consolidation and integration for successful bioeconomy development. It emphasizes the importance of sector-specific transformation pathways, from primary production to expanding hybrid sectors. The exchange between policymakers and stakeholders is encouraged to recognize synergies, accelerate cooperation, and improve economic performance while closing material and energy loops. The document also reviews the supporting environment for bioeconomy development and proposes steps for improved coordination and strategic planning.

Limiting the spillover of zoonotic pathogens from traditional food markets in developing countries and a new market design for risk-proofing.

Traditional food markets are age-old systems that primarily serve the food supply needs of society's less affluent sectors, often operating with minimal infrastructure. These markets are prevalent in low and middle-income countries. However, their hygienic conditions are frequently suboptimal, potentially fostering the emergence and spread of presumptive zoonotic diseases. The recent emergence of zoonotic or potentially zoonotic diseases and their possible links to traditional food markets underscore the need for focused attention on this overlooked issue. The socioeconomic characteristics of traditional food markets reveal that despite the risk of zoonotic pathogen spread, these markets play a crucial role for large segments of the population. These individuals rely on such markets for their livelihood, food, and nutrition. Therefore, a comprehensive set of measures addressing various aspects of traditional food markets is necessary to manage and mitigate the risks of potential zoonotic disease emergence. In this article, we explore various facets of traditional food markets, paying special attention to the risks of zoonotic diseases that urgently require stakeholder attention. We also propose a new market design to prevent the risk of zoonotic spillover and advocate for the development of a Market Hygiene Index for these markets.

International cooperation for nursing human resource development in Lao PDR: Investing in nursing leadership.

Strengthening nursing leadership in health systems has been identified as a priority for achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). We aimed to analyse the characteristics of Japanese technical assistance projects for nursing human resource development in Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and suggest directions for future assistance. An upgrading program, as part of human resource development, was initiated in the 1990s; it has contributed to the development of nursing leaders. Moreover, technical assistance from development partners has had synergistic effects by consistently promoting the involvement of nursing leaders in administration, education, and clinical practice to establish a functional regulatory system. In resource-limited settings, the application of both edge-pulling (leadership development) and bottom-up (quality improvement of the mass population) strategies are required. From a long-term perspective, development partners should continue to invest in increasing the number and quality of nursing leaders by upgrading the courses and leadership training programs, starting from the younger generation.

Addressing Structural Racism Using a Whole-Scale Planning Process in a Single Academic Center.

Purpose: The murder of George Floyd in 2020 prompted a national demand for cultural transformation to confront the systemic racism prevalent in the country. Academic medical centers were not exempt from this urgent call. This article evaluates the efficacy of a strategic process in fostering cultural transformation within an academic medical system. Methods: A whole-scale strategic planning process was implemented over 13 months, involving multiple working groups representing key stakeholders from each entity across the system, an anonymous survey, a communication plan, and a balanced scorecard to monitor progress. More than 5500 voices, 160 recommendations, 122 data gathering sessions, and town hall meetings contributed to the creation and implementation of vital action items and a strategic framework. The Diversity Engagement Survey (DES) was administered 18 months following the process launch. Results: Of the 45,554 employees, students, faculty, and trainees, 96.5% completed unconscious bias education within the fiscal year and 76% of action items, termed "Just Do Its," were completed. Mission, vision, values, and strategic priorities were crafted to serve as a framework for intermediate and long-term actions. The DES revealed improvement in the "respect" attribute of an inclusive culture, and 64% of respondents confirmed that action for cultural transformation is addressing racism both within and outside of the institution. Conclusion: Implementing a shared purpose, engaging multiple working groups representing key stakeholders, and empowerment of stakeholders to implement changes, in conjunction with the development of a strategic framework addressing structural racism, resulted in the completion of vital action items to initiate cultural change.

Forecasting the effects of municipal solid plastic waste generation and streaming using system dynamics: A case study in Dubai.

To effectively manage municipal solid plastic waste (MSPW), municipalities need to select an appropriate combination of policies and technologies. Numerous policies and technologies are inputs for this selection problem, whereas decision-makers pursue several economic and environmental outcomes. The MSPW flow-controlling variables serve as an intermediary between the inputs and outputs of this selection problem. Examples of the flow-controlling, mediating variables include the source-separated and incinerated MSPW percentages. This study proposes a system dynamics (SD) model that anticipates the influence of these mediating variables on multiple outputs. The outputs include volumes of four MSPW streams and three sustainability-related externalities: GHG emissions reduction, net energy savings, and net profit. Using the SD model, decision-makers can determine the best levels for the mediating variables based on the desired outputs. Consequently, decision-makers can identify the MSPW system stages at which they must choose policies and technologies. Additionally, the values of the mediating variables will help clarify for decision-makers how strict they should be when imposing policies and how much to invest in technologies at the selected MSPW system stages. The SD model is applied to Dubai's MSPW problem. A sensitivity analysis experiment conducted on Dubai's MSPW system demonstrates that the earlier an action is taken, the better the results will be achieved. Consequently, reducing municipal solid waste should take priority, followed by increasing source separation, then post-separation, and finally, incineration with energy recovery. The results of another experiment employing a full factorial design with four mediating variables indicate that recycling would impact GHG emissions and energy reduction values more than incineration with energy recovery. However, these savings are global in nature.

How well do policymakers address stigma surrounding substance use disorders: lessons from a qualitative review of Scottish Alcohol and Drug Partnerships' strategic plans.

Background: Stigma is a significant barrier to the successful implementation of public health policies which aim to reduce harm from substance use disorders. Despite attention being given to stigma in the literature for at least a decade, evidence on what works to reduce it is limited and inconclusive. Without clear guidance, policymakers could be limited in their ability to develop evidence-informed strategies for reducing stigma. In response to a steep incline in drug-related deaths in Scotland since 1996, the Scottish Government has committed to tackling stigma in national drug policy. Scotland's 31 Alcohol and Drug Partnerships are responsible for developing local strategies that aim to tackle harm from substance use disorders. This qualitative review explored how well these strategies respond to stigma and identified approaches mentioned that could have implicit implications for tackling stigma. Methods: The strategic plans of Alcohol and Drug Partnerships across Scotland were identified and thematically analysed to identify key themes relating to stigma. Content of strategic plans was initially coded under a coding scheme of four broad categories: content that explicitly mentioned stigma; identity, status and power; deservedness of support; and attribution of responsibility for SUDs. Results: Twenty-four strategic plans were identified and analysed, with four themes emerging: (1) limited clarity and consistency on how stigma will be directly tackled by ADPs; (2) recognition of the positive contribution that people with substance use disorders can make towards decisions about treatment and support; (3) diversion of people with substance use disorders away from the criminal justice system towards quality support underpinned by human rights; and (4) recognition of the complex determinants of substance use disorders and that everyone has a role to play. Conclusion: Alcohol and Drug Partnerships acknowledged the importance of tackling stigma in their strategic plans but provide limited clarity on how this will be done. This review calls for the inclusion of more evidence-informed strategies for tackling stigma within the Scottish local policymaking context. This requires academic, policymaking and lived experience communities to collaborate to test and evaluate innovative responses to tackling in stigma to strengthen understanding of what works in which contexts.

Strengthening the System Supporting Perinatal People with Substance Use Disorder in the Midwest Using Group Model Building.

INTRODUCTION: Providing comprehensive, evidence-based care to perinatal people with substance use disorders (SUD) requires multi-stakeholder collaboration and alignment. The National Maternal and Child Health Workforce Development Center facilitated a system-strengthening process with the Midwest substance use in pregnancy (SUPper) club, a regional collaborative of health care providers, state public health agencies, and community-rooted organizations. METHODS: Facilitators led a 2 day group model building (GMB) workshop with 20 participants and two semi-structured interviews. Workshop participants were invited to complete an evaluation. RESULTS: Two primary trends were identified as priorities for change: (1) Birthing people's perception/experience of stigma and (2) The Midwest SUPper Club's reach and influence. Three causal loop diagrams (CLDs) were created to capture the interconnected dynamics of the Midwest perinatal SUD system: (1) the influence of stigma on maternal and infant health outcomes, (2) the role of clinic, organizational, and state policies, and (3) the impact of workforce education and evidence-based practices on care. From the CLDs, four priorities for action emerged: (1) align and promote shared mental models across stakeholders, (2) expand education and training opportunities for the perinatal SUD workforce, (3) strengthen systems infrastructure to support care navigation for patients and providers, and (4) collaboratively identify evidence-based practices that meet regional needs. All evaluation respondents reported that the workshop supported the development of a shared mental model. DISCUSSION: The GMB process strengthened collaboration and advanced strategic planning for the SUPper Club. GMB can be further utilized among diverse stakeholders across MCH systems to create shared mental models and accelerate collaborative planning efforts.

Drivers and initial pattern for corporate social innovation: From responsibility to sustainability.

The Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry released the latest regulation regarding the environmental business rating assessment mechanism in 2021, Proper, which was participated by 2593 companies by adding a new assessment to the element of community empowerment, namely Corporate Social Innovation (CSI). To that end, identifying the institutional approach as the drivers and patterns for corporate social innovation in Gold Proper industries by taking into account the challenges and opportunities faced by the community so that responsibility is transformed into sustainability is essential. This research uses Petrokimia Gresik Ltd (PTPG) and Bukit Asam Pelabuhan Tarahan Ltd (PTBA) as case studies through explanation building. This study finds that the Proper program acts as an essential driver of CSI in Indonesia and is a good lesson learned that drives the transformation of CSR into CSI. However, the application of CSI in companies has not been ideal considering the timing of the enactment of regulations that are still new. The Gold Proper rating industries only rely on adaptation to regional social and economic issues, do not match the company's core competencies, and do not yet have a clear pattern. In addition, the company has not made CSR activities a strategic step and tends to only try to match it with the core capabilities of the company's activities. This study recommends companies develop CSR activities that will be proposed as CSI in a strategic form and provide direct benefits for the community and the company with a direct and comprehensive measure.

Public policy guidelines for a comprehensive, territorial and sustainable development to improve productivity and competitiveness. Case Tungurahua province-Ecuador.

In this work we elaborate a proposal for policy guidelines for the improvement of productivity and competitiveness of the province of Tungurahua -Ecuador-, such proposal is based on the theoretical foundations about the concept of a comprehensive, territorial and sustainable development applied to the territorial diagnosis. Herein three analysis techniques were used as a methodological strategy: The Rasmussen Method, which consists of a multisector model based on the Input-Output Tables-; the technique of focus groups for the analysis of perception on the prioritization of key sectors by the population and by the productive sectors; and the Shift-Share Analysis, to determine the level of growth of some sectors with respect to others. The results have allowed the identification of the strengths and weaknesses, as well as, the opportunities and threats associated with the levels of productivity and competitiveness of the province of Tungurahua. Therefore, strategies have been formulated aimed at the comprehensive, territorial and sustainable development of the province, which are built on the strengthening of endogenous capacities in science, technology and innovation, the encouragement of a coordination and articulation between the actors, the strengthening of the local business web and the internationalization of the territory.